Developed economies around the world have been growing their debts over the last twenty-five years. This was less of a problem when interest rates were close to zero but in the era of trade wars, lower credit ratings and higher interest rates, debt is more expensive to issue and service. Bond investors have worried that governments are addicted to debt for quite some time, and recent drama in the Japanese bond market along with the deficit spending of Trump’s “one big beautiful bill” lead many to question